This patent describes a process for treatment of brown coal which comprises subjecting the coal to shearing forces to produce a plastic mass which is capable of conversion by subsequent compaction and drying into a fuel of increase density and enhanced calorific value, characterised in that the water content of the coal is more than 54% and the ...
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Pitch as a matrix precursor usually requires a modification of the raw pitch to have a high coke yield while maintaining good fluidity. Several methods have been used to modify petroleum or coaltar pitch (CTP): the treatment of pitch with sulfur as an additive [1], [7], mild oxidation by air blowing [8], [9], [10], and nitrogen blowing [11].
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Petroleum coke, which is a potential replacement for coking coals in the production of metallurgical coke, has received the name of a petroleum coking additive in Russia and the CIS countries.
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The use of petroleum coke as an additive in coal blends has been tested and established ... Delayed process coke is produced by a semicontinuous batch process and accounts for more ... Petroleum Cokes evolves a major part of their VM in the temperature range of 400 o 500 C, which is actually the plastic range of major coals that are ...
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The method of achieving more efficient use of engine fuels and increasing their octane number by means of organic fuel additives is widely known [].For example, methyltertbutyl ether (the amount of which produced in Russia alone is around 1 million t a year) is used as an additive to achieving more efficient use of diesel fuel, OFAs on the basis of alcohols and light ethers with ...
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Coal additives have a function to improve the calorific value of coal and improve combustion efficiency. Some pulverized coal samples were prepared based on ASTM D2013/D2013M18, then mixed with coal additives until homogeneous. The lab instruments are the bomb calorimeter and the proximate analysis.
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Introduction Power industry and district heating in Poland are mostly based on bituminous coal [1]. At present, several power units with the power of 1000 MW e are brought in exploitation. They fulfill all current emission standards and their efficiency reaches the level of 9294% [2].
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Figure 1. Grease manufacturing is an art that continues to evolve as enduser needs develop and the market refines its requirements. Courtesy of STLE. In addition, Evan Zabawski, senior technical advisor at TestOil, headquartered in Strongsville, Ohio, noted that rheology is the science of deformation and flow of materials.
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The selection of coals mills for power station applications is dependent on a number of process issues such as coal grindability (usually given as Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) or Bond Index), coal moisture, feed size, Abrasion Index, coal rank (lignite mills, for example, tend to be of very specific design) as well as some practical considerations such as plant layout, available floor ...
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gas fat lean coal (GZhO), sinter lowcaking lowmetamorphized coal (KSN), sinter lowcaking coal (KS), long flame coal (DG), lean caking coal (TS), and lowcaking coal (SS) that are second to coking coals in quality and degrade the charge, which finally affects the coke,16 In general, the Gray−King coke method is used for the
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It obtained that the antioxidant additives increase the BTE and HC, CO Smoke emissions, and decreases EGT and NOx emission. However, BHA has shown a better performance than BHT in all emission and performance parameters. The reduction of EGT is due to the presence of antioxidant additives which hinder fuel conversion slightly.
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operating costs and, at the same time, increase productivity. One way to achieve this is through the injection of pulverised coal directly into the BF. Pulverised coal injection (PCI) provides important economic and operational benefits. These include: lower consumption of expensive coking coals. Replacing
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Highlights • Additives improve ash fusion temperature in cofiring of coal and biomass. • The effectiveness of various additives was investigated. • The research combined experimental and theoretical methods. • Promising results could be obtained with Mg and Albased additives. •
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Volatile matter (VM) is the percentage loss in mass, adjusted for moisture, when coal is heated out of contact with air under standard conditions. In this test, 1 g of sample is placed into a lidded crucible (to prevent ingress of air), which is placed in a furnace at 900 °C for 7 min or 950 °C if using the ASTM method. Moisture in the analysis sample is determined concurrently.
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Effect of coal nature on the gasification process. Mustafa Ozer, ... Badie Morsi, in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies, 2017. Ash fusion temperature (melting temperature). AFT is an indicator of the ash melting behavior in the gasification process (Li, 2010).For the gasification of lowrank coals, such as lignite and brown coal, in fixed and fluidized beds ...
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Ignition temperature of coal and other dust is not affected by particle size. A big difference is made by the way coal dust comes in contact with a heat source. Thus, layered powder of coal can ignite at a much lower temperature (160°C approx.), whereas a cloud of coal dust will need 450650°C to ignite. Table shows some relevant data [5].
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The results showed a decrease in the water levels of natural coal bayah reached 69%, increase in calorific value reached %. Increased caloric value and reduced water content caused by the water molecules on replacing seal the pores of coal by oil and atoms C on the oil that is bound to increase the percentage of coal carbon.
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Catalytic coal gasification technology shows prominent advantages in enhancing coal gasification reactivity and is restrained by the cost of catalyst. Two typical biomass ash additions, corn stalk ash (CSA, high KNa and low Si) and poplar sawdust ash (PSA, high KCa and high Si), were employed to study the influence of biomass ash on pyrolysis process and char gasification reactivity of ...
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The researchers believe that the use of saltbased additives for increasing the efficiency of coalburning could help improve fuel efficiency in energy production, minimize energy use for ...
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Fixed carbon is an important constituent of coal necessary for stable combustion process. From Figs. 4ae, it can be observed that except coal A, with increase in fixed carbon content combustion performance initially improves and later stabilizes. For coal J and D, with increase in fixed carbon content from 22% to 34%, performance improves.
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Recycling livestock manure provides energy and prevent pollution, yet actual transformation processes are limited in terms of performance and cost. Here, we review inorganic additives used to improve anaerobic digestion. Additives include minerals such as zeolite and magnetite, metals such as bulk and nanoparticles, industrial wastes, and pHregulating additives. We focus on microbial ...
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These additives modify and accelerate Portland cement hydration process, change its physical characteristics and mechanical behaviour. There a number of studies investigating the use of silica fume, coal, zeolites and ash as concrete supplements (pozzolanic additives) [2], [3]. Zeolites contain a high content of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3.
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In recent years, we found that adding multiple additives in the process of coal combustion can promote the removal of NOx, ... The rate of the temperature increase on the surface of coal and additives was very high when it underwent sudden combustion in the tubular furnace at 1123 K. Thus, the combustion processes of the volatiles and coal char ...
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Refined coal is most commonly made by mixing proprietary additives to feedstock coal. These additives increase the production of mercury oxides, which can then be captured by using mercury emission reduction technologies such as flue gas desulfurization scrubbers and particulate matter control systems.. Refined coal production qualifies for a tax credit under the American Jobs Creation Act of ...
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